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Description
Mutual Aid: A Factor of EvolutionIn this cornerstone of modern liberal social theory, Peter Kropotkin states that the most effective human and animal communities are essentially cooperative, rather than competitive. Kropotkin based this classic on his observations of natural phenomena and history, forming a work of stunning and well reasoned scholarship. Essential to the understanding of human evolution as well as social organization, it offers a powerful counterpoint to the tenets
In this cornerstone of modern liberal social theory, Peter Kropotkin states that the most effective human and animal communities are essentially cooperative, rather than competitive. Kropotkin based this classic on his observations of natural phenomena and history, forming a work of stunning and well-reasoned scholarship. Essential to the understanding of human evolution as well as social organization, it offers a powerful counterpoint to the tenets of Social Darwinism. It also cites persuasive evidence of human nature's innate compatibility with anarchist society.Kropotkin's basic argument is correct, noted evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould. Struggle does occur in many modes, and some lead to cooperation among members of a species as the best pathway to advantage for individuals. Anthropologist Ashley Montagu declared that Mutual Aid will never be any more out of date than will the Declaration of Independence. New facts may increasingly become available, but we can already see that they will serve largely to support Kropotkin's conclusion that 'in the ethical progress of man, mutual support--not mutual struggle--has had the leading part.' Physician and author Alex Comfort asserted that Kropotkin profoundly influenced human biology by his theory of Mutual Aid. . . . He was one of the first systematic students of animal communities, and may be regarded as the founder of modern social ecology.
Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Dover Publications
Published: 04/07/2006
ISBN: 9780486449135
Pages: 312
Weight: 0.66lbs
Size: 8.26h x 6.48w x 0.70d
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 9 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Incredible shoe
Size: 13, Color: Allblack015
Genuinely the best running shoes I’ve ever had, and for the price is crazy. Seriously, can go for 2 hours on the treadmill with no foot pain, can’t recommend enough
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2026
★★★★★ 3
So small
Size: 10.5, Color: Allblack015
They seemed comfy enough, but the sizes are very small compared to my typical shoe size. Buy at least a whole size up if youre going to get these
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Reviewed in the United States on April 25, 2026
★★★★★ 5
ULTRA LIGHTWEIGHT EVERYDAY SNEAKER
Size: 12, Color: Grey015, Size: 12, Color: Grey015
You should know that if you're specific on your footwear like I am, these may be the shoes for you. All too often shoe companies make shoes that look stupid by trying to do too much. These shoes are great because the most important appearance in a shoe is what they look like on feet from your POV. The toe box is spacious and the lace front is normal, not too wide like Adidas Ultraboost. The only downside is these shoes wear out quickly. They last about 1 year with daily use before the outsole starts to to go. All in all price for value, 5/5.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 4, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Sizes run smaller, at least for me
Size: 9, Color: Allblack015
I have a 8.5/9.0 size shoe, depending on the manufacturer. I purchased these exclusively for work, on a slippery (paper dust) concrete floor and a forklift.
The main con here is there is NO size 9.0, only 8.5 or 9.5. I think this is odd, but I am sure there is some reason for it. Nonetheless, I ordered the 9.5 in black. I was expecting it to be a little large. However, this shoe fits me perfectly. Thus my reasoning that, for me, these run small.
These stretch. They are not constrictive. I despise tight constricting shoes since they usually hurt my feet. I also hate shoes that are too big as they tend to make me trip (I am already uncoordinated). They have a softer rubber/plastic'y sole. I dont know the material, other than "Phylon". I have only worn for two weeks and they are comfortable. I do feel their flexibility. These shoes are not a stiff shoe. For me, that is a plus.
However, non slip they are not. In defense, I have not experienced any shoe that is non slip on the floor at my work. The smooth concrete floor is often covered in a finite paper dust. This makes it slippery and no shoe can stand up to my lack of coordination.
My biggest like is they are very breathable. My feet sweat! During the hot days, I need my feet to breathe. These do that quite well. Also, I enjoy and actual solid sole. Some other "fancy" shoes I purchased were comfortable, but they had a very thin tread and wore out quickly. They did not last long. Time will tell if these last long. Another plus for these shoes, is there is very little text on the shoe. The only text is on the tongue of the shoe. They are also easy to put on, almost like a slip on shoe that does not fall off.
Out of the box (and still now) there are no defects. It appears to be well put together.
If I can get 8 months use out of these, I will be absolutely buying again.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 29, 2022
★★★★★ 4
$30 descent shoe with Foam sole no arch support
Size: 13, Color: Lightgrey015
I got these and they were in plastic smashed together to conserve space. I cut the plastic wrapper and put them on. They are a minimalist shoe. Not much support. It's like they tried to copy the sketchers, but took out 25% of the quality. It's a good soft foam sole, light weight and slip on. I wore these for nearly 9 hours on concrete at my job with out foot pain. For under $30 shoe you probably won't be able to build a sole that is arch supportive and made for longevity. If your going out for a few hours around the town, these will be comfortable. I am ditching the inserts and putting in real inserts to see if these will work for multiple purchases. Great styling no issues with build quality that I can see. Again these are under $30 not $75, so if your expectation is a durable shoe good support these are not for you. On the other hand they're comfortable for going out shopping and eating out while looking descent. I wouldn't wear these for more then a few hours as they're not really proper fit shoes with arch supports.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 6, 2025